Informatics Publishing Limited

V. K. Pandey ¹, R. K. Singh ¹, V. P. Rai ¹, D. Oraon ¹, S. K. Dubey ¹, U. K. Singh ¹, Z. Alam ¹

Affiliations
1 Birsa Agricultural University, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Chatra Jharkhand, IN

Abstract

Naveen, Baibhav and Local sickles were evaluated for harvesting paddy crop with 20 farm women age 30-50 years (Subjects) at surrounding villages of KVK, Chatra, Jharkhand. The data of improved and Local sickles were compared. During the harvesting session, they spend nearly 7-8 hours daily to perform the activity. The Naveen sickle was the heaviest weight 229g followed by Baibhav and deshi was 202 and 178g, respectively. Deshi sickle was the lightest in weight (178g). Blade of both improved sickles were made up of high carbon steel except for deshi sikcle that was made up of iron. The output was found maximum for Naveen sickle (74.2kg) this sickle resulted 6.9 per cent more ouput over the deshi sickle and also increase area covered 4.7 per cent over the deshi sickle. Average working heart rate (104bpm) and corresponding energy expenditure (7.81kg/min) was found minimum for Naveen sickle. Total cardiac cost of work for all sickles ranged from 840 beats to 1010 beats TCCW for Naveen sickle was 19.38 per cent less over deshi sickle. Therefore, Naveen sickle was suitable for crop harvesting under prevailing bio-physical and social economic condition of Chatra district, Jharkhand

Keywords

Improved Sickles, Women Workers, Heart Rate, Paddy Harvesting

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U. K. Singh ¹, R. K. Tiwari ², S. B. Singh ², S. Rajan ¹

Affiliations
1 National Centre for Antarctic & Ocean Research, Vasco Goa - 403 804, IN
2 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad 500 007, IN

Abstract

The artificial neural network (ANN) technique is at present most efficient and modern tool for parameter estimation and inversion of geophysical data. This paper deals with the application of ANN technique for the inversion of vertical electrical resistivity sounding(VES) data obtained from the NNW SSE part of Barmer district, Rajasthan. The efficiency of ANN technique is tested first on synthetic resistivity data generated from the numerical model and then trained on the actual VES field data. The analyses predict sediment thickness of the order of 172 m at Rawtra (S 15, and indicate that there is possibility of fresh aquifers at all sounding locations along the profile except at Sonadi (S 1). These results match with the depth-Resistivity structure obtained by the conventional method. However, the high accuracy and faster ANN imaging system seems to have highly correlated with that of conventional method for mapping the complex subsurface resistivity structures with less ambiguity. These finding also correlate remarkably well with known drilling results and geologic boundaries.

Keywords

Artificial Neural Network, Backpropagation Algorithm, VES Data, Resistivity Layer Parameters, Fresh Aquifer, Saline Aquifer, Barmer District, Rajasthan.

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S. B. Singh ¹, Jimmy Stephen ¹, Y. Srinivas ¹, U. K. Singh ¹, K. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN

Abstract

Delineation of groundwater resources in hard rock terrains is one of the important topics to be treated with a more advanced approach than simple one-dimensional attitude, particularly when looking for deeper water saturated horizons. The present study introduces an integrated geophysical approach to identify structural features such as fractures, weak zones and intrusive dyke bodies, which can control and host potable groundwater at greater depths. The study is conducted in an area of about 8 km² along east coast of Tamil Nadu, which has been identified as a major rainshadow zone. Geophysical measurements were carried out in very closely spaced grids making use of resistivity, magnetic and electromagnetic techniques. The sensitivity of each technique to different rock properties in varying directions has been considered to resolve the problem. A major weak zone running in SW-NE direction is demarcated which is characterised by many intrusive dyke bodies. The conductivity distributions at different depths throw light on many structural features. The varying thickness of weathered rock calculated from the Horizontal Loop Electromagnetic (HLEM) and Deep Resistivity Sounding (DRS) studies for the entire area reflects the extension of weathering associated with dyke emplacements. Geo-electrical sections obtained through DRS studies, concentrated mainly along the weak zone have shown the occurrence of potable groundwater resource controlled by structural features.

Keywords

Integrated geophysics, Groundwater, Hardrock Terrain, Deep Resistivity sounding, Horizontal Loop Electromagnetics (HLEM), Magnetic Method, Tamil Nadu.

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V. K. Pandey ¹, R. K. Singh ², D. Oraon ², V. P. Rai ², U. K. Singh ², Z. Alam ², R. P. Singh Ratan ²

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (B.A.U.), Chatra (Ranchi), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (B.A.U.) Chatra (Ranchi), IN

Abstract

A study on women’s involvement and their training needs in rice cultivation was studied Chatra district in five selected villages, one each from five selected blocks i.e. Kunda, Partappur, Simariya, Tandwa and Hunterganj covering 250 respondents. Results indicated that harvesting was the activity in which farm women were mostly involved followed by transplanting and weeding, seed selection and treatment, sowing and nursery raising and seed grain storage with weighted mean scores of 2.57, 2.56, 2.38, 2.25, 2.18, 1.96 and 1.37, respectively. Plant protection was rated first training need followed by seed and grain storage, land preparation, seed selection and treatment and sowing and nursery raising with weighted mean scores of 2.36, 2.24, 2.20, 2.08, 2.04 and 2.01, respectively.

Keywords

Training Needs, Rice Cultivation, Women’s Involvement.

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Dinesh Kumar ¹, Priydarshi Hem ¹, Aman Kumar ¹, Ravindra Kumar Gupta ¹, U. K. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept of Mining Engineering, IIT/ISM, Dhanbad, IN

Abstract

In Sukinda valley at Kaliapani, Dist Jajpur, Odisha, high grade chromite ore is blocked in barrier pillars between opencast mines of different mining companies. The blocked ore is friable and weak in nature. A underhand cut and fill (UCF) method using cemented rock fill (CRF) is described in detail in this paper. This addresses the design of the mining method, design, preparation, transport and placement of CRF in stope. An economic analysis shows that this venture is profitable.

Keywords

Chromite Ore, Friable and Weak, Underhand Cut and Fill (UCF), Cemented Rock Fill (CRF), Economic Analysis.

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